z was Proto-Germanic, and evolved into Proto-Norse /r₂/ and is also transliterated as ʀ. Ï is also transliterated as æ and may have been either a diphthong or a vowel close to or. Þ corresponds to (unvoiced) or (voiced) (like the English digraph - th-). In the following table, each rune is given with its common transliteration: The Elder Futhark (named after the initial phoneme of the first six rune names: F, U, Þ, A, R and K) has 24 runes, often arranged in three groups of eight runes each group is called an ætt (pl. Both the Anglo-Saxon futhorc and the Younger Futhark remained in use during the Early and the High Middle Ages respectively, but knowledge of how to read the Elder Futhark was forgotten until 1865, when it was deciphered by Norwegian scholar Sophus Bugge. In Scandinavia, beginning in the late 8th century, the script was simplified to the Younger Futhark, while the Anglo-Saxons and Frisians instead extended it, giving rise to the Anglo-Saxon futhorc. Inscriptions are found on artifacts including jewelry, amulets, plateware, tools, and weapons, as well as runestones in Scandinavia, from the 2nd to the 10th centuries. It was a writing system used by Germanic peoples for Northwest Germanic dialects in the Migration Period. The Elder Futhark (or Fuþark), also known as the Older Futhark, Old Futhark, or Germanic Futhark, is the oldest form of the runic alphabets. Distribution of pre–sixth-century Elder Futhark finds Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of runes. Moreover it is reflecting the balance between effort and reward, vigilance and harvest.This article contains runic characters. Jera, with its themes of cycles and harvest, adds a layer of balance to this aett. Known for his vigilance and loyalty he embodies the energies of both protection and watchfulness. Heimdall, the Guardian of the Gods, is a central figure in this aett. This aett, or family of runes, carries themes of transformation, balance, and the cyclical nature of life. Jera belongs to the second aett of the Elder Futhark, a group of eight runes associated with the god Heimdall. Jera, with its associations with cycles and harvest, reflects these themes, offering a glimpse into the values and beliefs of the ancient Germanic peoples. The Guardian God Heimdall is a central figure in Norse mythology, embodying vigilance and loyalty as well as the cyclical nature of time. It’s a reminder of the importance of patience and the understanding that everything has its own time. The rune is also linked to the concept of cyclical time and the rhythms of nature. This gives us a glimpse into the mindset of the ancient Germanic peoples, showing us that they valued the cycles of nature and the rewards of their labor. Rooted in the Proto-Germanic “*jērą,” it’s associated with the cycle of the year and, more specifically the harvest. Elder Futhark runes, has been found inscribed on both impressive runestones and ordinary everyday objects, demonstrating its broad use and importance. From the chilly landscapes of Scandinavia to the verdant isles of Britain, and even extending to the sun-kissed shores of Italy, these runes left their legacy. The Elder Futhark, the ancient runic system that Jera is a part of, was widely adopted across Europe. The name “Jera” hails from Old Norse, translating roughly to “year”, or even “good year” or “harvest.” Jera, the twelfth rune in this sequence, follows Isa and precedes Eiwaz. Our story begins with the Elder Futhark, the oldest form of the runic alphabets, used by the Germanic tribes for the earliest Nordic inscriptions.
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